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JP 201 Unit 7-2 Direction / Livemocha
Which way?= どっちですか。Docchi desuka. [informal]
= どちらですか。Dochira desuka. [formal]

(picture supplied by 「写真素材フォトライブラリー」)
In this section on Livemocha, you will see sentences with " -te/-de form verb + imasu" often. ex.1
Karera wa sabaku wo aruite imasu.
彼らは砂漠を歩いています。
= They are walking through the desert.
[Progressive]
ex.2
Hashi wa mizu no ue ni kakatte imasu.
橋は水の上にかかっています。
= The bridge is above the water.
[Condition]
About " -te/ -de form verb", please check here : http://natsu16nokaze.blog42.fc2.com/blog-category-17.html
Reference :
http://japanese.about.com/od/japaneselessons/u/StartLearning.htm
JP 201 Unit 7-1 / Livemocha
one (piece) | a pack of/ a bunch of/ etc. | |
レタス lettuce | 1玉 hito tama * 1枚 ichi mai (to count each leaf?piece?) | |
カリフラワー karifurawa- cauliflower | 1株 hito kabu | |
豆 pea | 1粒 hito tsubu | 1パック hito pakku / ichi pakku/ ippakku (a pack of beans) |
じゃがいも potato | 1個 ikko | 1袋 hito fukuro / ippukuro (a bag of potatoes) 1箱 hito hako / ippako (a box of potatoes. Usually for large amount.) |
卵 egg | 1個 ikko | 1パック hito pakku / ichi pakku/ ippakku (a pack of eggs) 10個入り1パック jyukko iri hito pakku (a pack of 10 eggs) |
りんご apple | 1個 ikko | 1箱 hito hako / ippako (a box of apples. Usually for large amount) |
パイナップル painappuru pineapple | 1本 ippon (reference : 新明解国語辞典) | 1箱 hito hako / ippako (a box of pineapples. Usually for large amount.) |
パプリカ pepper | 1個 ikko | 1袋 hito fukuro / ippukuro (a bag of peppers) |
バナナ banana | 1本 ippon | 1房 hito fusa (a bunch of bananas) |
ぶどう grape | 1粒 hito tsubu | 1房 hito fusa (a bunch of grapes) |
牛乳 gyuunyuu milk | 1本 ippon 1パックhito pakku (one carton of milk) 1瓶 hito bin (one jug of milk) |
(Picture supplied by 「素材大好き.com」)
Ko 個 = General measure word, used when there is no specific counter.
Tama 玉 = Sphereical object.
(When talking about sphereical vegetables/fruits, "Ko" is usually used for smaller objects such as tomato, potato, onion and others. "Tama" is for bigger objects such as pumpkin, cabbage, lettuce and others. [Reference : http://www.manabinoba.com/index.cfm/4,11854,248,html])
Tsubu 粒 = Grain, drop or something very tiny which can be picked with fingers.
Kabu 株 = Stub,butt, a bunch of plant, tree, vegetable, etc.
Hon (bon/ pon) 本 = Long, thin objects
Fusa 房 = A cluster, a bunch
Reference :
http://www.benricho.org/kazu/a.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_counter_word (You can check traditional numerals such as hitotsu, futatsu, and also euphonic changes such as 1hon → 1pon here)
http://www.manabinoba.com/index.cfm/4,11854,248,html
『新明解国語辞典』 三省堂
JP 102 Unit 6-5 Size / Livemocha
A is -er.
= A wa motto - desu.
= A はもっと - です。
Ex.
Kono inu wa motto ookii desu.
この犬はもっと大きいです。
This dog is bigger.
A is - er than B
= A wa B yori(mo) - desu.
= A はB より(も)- です。
Ex.
Kono densha wa ano densha yorimo nagai desu.
この電車はあの電車よりも長いです。
This train is longer than that one.
(picture supplied by 「写真素材フォトライブラリー」)
"yorimo" is used to indicate the object or the basis for comparison. It consists of two particles "yori" and "mo".
yori = a particle to indicate the object or the basis for comparison
mo = a particle to imply the other one by showing an example among things in a same group.
A is the -est.
= A wa [ga] ichiban [mottomo] - desu.
= A が[ は ] 一番 [ 最も ] - です。
Ex.
Kono tatemono wa ichiban [mottomo] takai desu.
この建物は一番 [ 最も ] 高いです。
This building is the tallest.
A is the -est in { }.
= A wa { } (no naka) de ichiban [mottomo] - desu.
= A は { } (の中)で一番 [ 最も ] - です。
Ex.
Kare wa kurasu no naka de ichiban ashi ga hayai desu.
彼はクラスの中で一番足が速いです。
He is the fastest runner in his class.
(picture supplied by 「写真素材フォトライブラリー」)
かいすいよく
あさ 4じ
に おきて、 おべんとう
を つくる よていです。といっても、 かんたんな ものばかり ですけど。
おにぎり、ウインナー、ミートボール、タマゴやき、えびフライ、やきそば などです。
それに やさいと くだものを 少し。
よるは あにふうふ(兄夫婦)の いえで バーベキュー
です。おうふく(往復) 3じかんきょう(強)の うんてん
が ありますががんばります


(picture supplied by 「写真素材フォトライブラリー」)
JP 102 Unit 6-4 Shopping / Livemocha
Shopping
try (on) something
= ( ) wo tamesu
( ) を試す
≒( ) wo - te miru/ mimasu
( ) を 〜てみる/ みます
try on the hat → boushi wo tamesu ≒ boushi wo kabutte miru
be trying on the hat → boushi wo tameshite iru ≒ boushi wo kabutte mite iru
Renyoukei (Continuative form) of Verb + a particle " te て " + hojodoushi (assistant verb?) "miru みる / mimasu みます"
miru, miteiru (impolite)
mimasu, miteimasu (polite)
(picture supplied by 「写真素材フォトライブラリー」)
ex1.
Kono suka-to wo haite mimasu.
このスカートを履いてみます。
= I will try on this skirt.
ex.2
(Conversation between friends on a shopping.)
A: Nani ka ii noga mitsukatta?
何か良いのが見つかった?
= Have you found anything you like?
B: Ima kono kutsu wo haite miteiru tokoro yo.
今この靴を履いてみているところよ。
= I am trying on these shoes now.
* tokoro = situation, scene, conditoin, state, (in this sentence)
(picture supplied by 「写真素材フォトライブラリー」)
try (on) | be trying (on) | ||
shirt | shatsu シャツ | -wo kite miru を着てみる | -wo kite miteiru を着てみている |
food | tabemono 食べ物 | -wo tabete miru を食べてみる | -wo tabete miteiru を食べてみている |
shoes | kutsu 靴 | - wo haite miru を履いてみる | wo haite miteiru を履いてみている |
bag | kaban カバン・鞄 | - wo motte miru を持ってみる | wo motte miteiru を持ってみている |
skirt | suka-to スカート | - wo haite miru を履いてみる | wo haite miteiru を履いてみている |
necklace | nekkuresu ネックレス | -wo tsukete miru をつけてみる | wo tsukete miteiru をつけてみている |
hat/cap | boushi 帽子 | -wo kabutte miru をかぶってみる | wo kabutte miteiru をかぶってみている |
perfume | kousui 香水 | -wo tsukete miru をつけてみる | wo tsukete miteiru をつけてみている |
sunglasses | sangurasu サングラス | -wo kakete miru をかけてみる | wo kakete miteiru をかけてみている |
About "kakeru, kaburu, haku, kiru", please check this page : http://natsu16nokaze.blog42.fc2.com/blog-entry-155.html
- Nagara : Conjunction Particle
"nagara" is used to connect two sentences that they are on going/ being done at the same time.
= and, as, while, with, over
Renyoukei (2nd conjugation / Continuative) form of verb + nagara
Shuushikei (3rd conjugation / End) form of adjective + nagara
or
Other words (such as noun/adverb) + nagara (depends on context)
Kanojo wa ko-hi- wo nomi nagara hon wo yonde imasu.
彼女はコーヒーを飲みながら本を読んでいます。
= She is reading a book as she is drinking.
(picture supplied by 「写真素材フォトライブラリー」)
"Nagara" can be used paradozically.
ex.
Kare wa fuhei wo ii nagara kekkou tanoshisou deshita.
彼は不平を言いながら結構楽しそうでした。
= He seemed to enjoy somewhat (more than expected) while he is complaining.
Also "nagara" sometimes comes after nouns or adverbs, so it is still disputable if "nagara" should be a conjugation particle or not.
ex.
Taningoto nagara shinpai desu.
他人事ながら心配です。
= I'm worried although it is no business of mine.
Reference :
http://japanese.about.com/library/blparticles.htm
http://japanese.about.com/od/japaneselessons/u/StartLearning.htm
『現代国語例解辞典』 小学館











